Abstract
Hemicellulose is the second most abundant biomass in the world. Because of its unique chemical structure, hemicellulose has attracted more and more research and industry application under the background of fossil resource shortage and drawbacks. Hemicellulose is tended to be modified with esterification, etherification, cross-linkage and so on. These reactions change hemicellulose properties, so that it could be applied in many fields such as medical field, films, hydrogels, conductive polymers. Herein, we reviewed structure, isolation, reaction and applications of hemicellulose. Especially the useful pathways to change the hydrophilic character of hemicelluloses to hydrophobic are reviewed and several applications of these materials are discussed.
Highlights
Since fossil resources are nonrenewable and lead to environmental issues [1], much research and considerable work have been done to alternate energy resources such as biomass, wind, geothermal and solar energy in order to meet the developmental and environmental requirements [2] [3] [4]
These reactions change hemicellulose properties, so that it could be applied in many fields such as medical field, films, hydrogels, conductive polymers
The useful pathways to change the hydrophilic character of hemicelluloses to hydrophobic are reviewed and several applications of these materials are discussed
Summary
Since fossil resources are nonrenewable and lead to environmental issues [1], much research and considerable work have been done to alternate energy resources such as biomass, wind, geothermal and solar energy in order to meet the developmental and environmental requirements [2] [3] [4]. Among these resources, utilization of biomass has attracted a lot of attention over the past several decades. Hemicellulose is 20% 30% of dry plant biomass, in hardwood, as high as 40% (see Table 1)
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