Hematological Status in Neonatal Jaundice Patients and Its Relationship with G6PD Deficiency

Abstract

Background: The role of hemolysis in the pathophysiology of neonatal jaundice in patient with G6PD deficiency. Objectives: To observe the hematological status of hyperbilirubinemic neonates and its corelation with G6PD deficient neonates. Methods: The study was conducted on 90 male, term neonates with jaundice, age ranged from 3 to 12 days (Group B) in the Department of Physiology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) between 1st July 2007 to 30th June 2008. On the basis of total serum bilirubin (TSB) level, study group was further divided into B1-TSB <15mg/ dl, B2 -TSB 15 to 20mg/dl and B3 -TSB>20mg/dl. For comparison age and sex matched 30 apparently healthy neonates (Group A) were also included in the study. Erythrocyte G6PD level was measured by Spectrophotometric method by using kit of Randox. Hematological parameters like hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit, total count of RBC, reticulocyte count were measured by standard laboratory technique. For statistical analysis anova, independent sample t test and Pearson’s correlation coefficient test were performed as applicable by using SPSS for windows version-12. Results: In this study, hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit value and RBC count were significantly lower in both moderate (p<0.05) and severe (p<0.01) groups in comparison to those of control and also in mild group. However, these values were statistically not significant between study groups. Similarly, all these values were lower in G6PD deficient neonates than that of non deficient neonates but it was statistically non significant. Again, reticulocyte count was significantly (p<0.001) higher in severe hyperbilirubinemic than those of control, mild and moderate group. Hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit, total count of red blood cell and reticulocyte count showed non significant positive correlations (r=+.745, r=+.205, r=+.329, r=+.104) with erythrocyte G6PD level in deficient neonates. Conclusion: Hemolysis is one of the risk factor to develope hyperbilirubinemia in G6PD deficient neonates and degree of hemolysis depends on state of deficiency. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbsp.v6i1.8061 J Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2011 June; 6(1): 16-21