Abstract
BackgroundDiabetes is a global public health problem and associated with metabolic, cellular, and blood disturbances. Hematological changes have been reported in diabetes and play a major role in diabetes-associated complications. However, reports are contradicting and data on hematological parameters of type 2 diabetic patients in the study area are scarce. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the hematological parameters of type 2 diabetic adult patients at Debre Berhan Referral Hospital, Northeast Ethiopia from May 01 to June 30, 2020.MethodsA comparative cross-sectional study was conducted on 268 (134 type 2 diabetic patients and 134 controls) study participants selected by systematic random sampling technique. Socio-demographic, behavioral, and clinical data were collected using a structured questionnaire and checklist. Ethical approval was obtained from Jimma University. All phase of quality assurance was maintained. Hematological parameters and blood glucose levels were determined using UniCel DxH 800 (Beckman Coulter, USA) and Biosystems A25 (Costa Brava, Spain) analyzers, respectively. Independent t-test, Mann–Whitney U-test, correlation, and logistic regression were used during data analysis. P-value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant.ResultsThe current study found that total white blood cell count, absolute counts of neutrophil, lymphocyte, eosinophil, and basophil, red blood cell distribution width, platelet count, and mean platelet volume were significantly higher in type 2 diabetic patients as compared to the control group (P<0.05). On the other hand, the mean hemoglobin was significantly lower in type 2 diabetic patients than the control group (P = 0.007). Anemia was found in 17.9% of type 2 diabetic patients. Longer duration of diabetes (AOR = 3.05, 95% CI = 1.12–8.34) and milk consumption (AOR = 4.60, 95% CI = 1.50–14.00) were significantly associated with anemia.ConclusionThis study showed a statistically significant variation in some hematological parameters of type 2 diabetic patients compared to control group. Anemia among type 2 diabetic patients was found to be a mild public health problem. Therefore, routine screening of hematological parameters should be considered for proper management of type 2 diabetic patients. Close attention should also be given to the duration of diabetes and dietary practice.
Highlights
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by chronic hyperglycemia with abnormalities in the metabolism of carbohydrate, lipid, and protein resulting from defects in insulin secretion, action, or both [1]
The current study found that total white blood cell count, absolute counts of neutrophil, lymphocyte, eosinophil, and basophil, red blood cell distribution width, platelet count, and mean platelet volume were significantly higher in type 2 diabetic patients as compared to the control group (P
Routine screening of hematological parameters should be considered for proper management of type 2 diabetic patients
Summary
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by chronic hyperglycemia with abnormalities in the metabolism of carbohydrate, lipid, and protein resulting from defects in insulin secretion, action, or both [1]. Uncontrolled DM is associated with multiple disorders including metabolic, cellular, and blood disturbances leading to vascular complications [3]. Hematological changes encountered in T2DM patients include changes in the function, structure, and metabolism of red blood cells (RBCs), white blood cells (WBCs), platelet (PLT) and the coagulation systems [5]. These changes may manifest as immunological and coagulation problems, and anemia characterized by a decrease in the RBC count, hemoglobin (Hgb) and hematocrit (Hct) level as compared to non-diabetic individuals [6]. The aim of this study was to assess the hematological parameters of type 2 diabetic adult patients at Debre Berhan Referral Hospital, Northeast Ethiopia from May 01 to June 30, 2020
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