Hematological changes in hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism in adults

Abstract

Thyroid function disorders are among the most common endocrine diseases. Thyroid disorders can cause certain forms of anemia, more commonly in hypothyroidism. Slightly decreased TLC, relative neutropenia, relative lymphocytosis or relative eosinophilia may be found in thyroid disorders. These observations confirmed the association between thyroid gland dysfunction and hemopoiesis.1) To study the pattern of hematological changes in thyroid dysfunction 2) To correlate thyroid function tests with complete blood count & red cell indices findings 3) To correlate complete blood count investigations and peripheral blood smear findings with serum TSH levels.It was an Observational study conducted during 18 months of period from March 2018 to October 2019 with 100 subjects of hypothyroidism, 80 subjects of hyperthyroidism and 100 euthyroid subjects as control group. CBC was done on automated cell counter. PBS was stained with Leishman stain and observed under microscope. TFTwas done by immunoassay method.It was done with SPSS Software.: Predominance of female was seen in hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism. Significant decrease was seen in RBC, Hb, HCT, MCV and MCH in hypothyroid group, while in hyperthyroid group RBC, Hb and HCT were significantly decreased as compared with euthyroid control group. Both groups showed significant increase in RDW as compared with control group.It is important to carefully evaluate the thyroid hormones in cases of unexplained anemias. So, periodic evaluation for probable hematological changes should be done in all the patients with hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism.