Abstract
Background and Aim:Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is an acute viral infection affecting cloven-hoofed animals causing vesicular erosions in the oral cavity and interdigital space. The present study was undertaken to ascertain the time-dependent changes in clinical, hematological, and biochemical profiles in different breeds of cattle following experimental infection.Materials and Methods:The animals were inoculated with 1.0×104 50% bovine tongue infectious dose (BTID50) by intradermolingual route. Clinical signs were observed, and blood/serum samples were collected at different time intervals.Results:The white blood cell count declined sharply on days 7-13 and recovered on day 14 post-FMD infection. Biochemical analysis of serum markers for vital organ profile revealed no marked damage. However, a significant increase in blood urea nitrogen (BUN) value indicated pre-renal azotemia. Transient hyperthyroidism was indicated by the rise in T3 and T4 that can be correlated with a decrease in triglyceride and total cholesterol levels. In the cardiac damage assessment study, a distinct breed difference was observed wherein Malnad Gidda calves showed no cardiac damage.Conclusion:Except thyroid profile, BUN, and creatine kinase-myocardial band, all other serum biochemical parameters showed no significant abnormalities, whereas lymphopenia is the only hematological change and it is suggested that effective ameliorative measures should be targeted mainly on the feed/water intake, thyroid gland, and the level of lymphocytes.
Highlights
Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is the most economically important viral disease of cattle, caused by FMD virus (FMDV) and is characterized by fever, depression, anorexia, and excessive stingy or foamy salivation with vesicles or blisters appearing on the tongue
Except thyroid profile, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and creatine kinase-myocardial band, all other serum biochemical parameters showed no significant abnormalities, whereas lymphopenia is the only hematological change and it is suggested that effective ameliorative measures should be targeted mainly on the feed/water intake, thyroid gland, and the level of lymphocytes
The onset of pyrexia (>103° F) on day 2 and foot lesions on day 3 indicates that the animals were infected with foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) (O/R2/75)
Summary
Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is the most economically important viral disease of cattle, caused by FMD virus (FMDV) and is characterized by fever, depression, anorexia, and excessive stingy or foamy salivation with vesicles or blisters appearing on the tongue. The economic losses caused by the disease are mainly due to losses in milk production and reduction in the working capacity of draught-animals. Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is an acute viral infection affecting cloven-hoofed animals causing vesicular erosions in the oral cavity and interdigital space. The present study was undertaken to ascertain the timedependent changes in clinical, hematological, and biochemical profiles in different breeds of cattle following experimental infection
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