Abstract
ObjectiveAnemia, Leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia are commonly observed hematological abnormalities in malaria and typhoid patients. In this study, we evaluated the prevalence of cytopenias in patients with mono-infections of plasmodium parasites (malaria group) or salmonella bacteria (typhoid group). Full blood counts from 79 patients (age ranging from 18 to 77 years) categorized into malaria and typhoid groups at the Tamale Central Hospital were assessed.ResultsData generated were entered and analyzed using SPSS version 20 and Graphpad Prism 6. Values were observed to be significant at p < 0.05. The prevalence of cytopenias were; 29.6, 48.0% for anemia, 38.9, 12.0% for thrombocytopenia, 20.4, 12.0% for leukopenia, 13.0, 8.0% for bicytopenia and 5.6, 4.0% for pancytopenia in both malaria and typhoid groups respectively. Between the two groups of patients, thrombocytopenia was significantly associated with those in the malaria group (χ2 = 5.84, p < 0.016). No association was found between cytopenias and gender in patients in the malaria group; however, the middle aged group, 36–55 years, was significantly associated with anemia (χ2 = 12.97, p < 0.002). Cytopenias were not associated with gender, and with different age categories in patients in the typhoid group.
Highlights
Cytopenias are blood cell abnormalities that result from reduction in the major hematopoietic cell lines such as red blood cells causing anemia, leukocytes causing leukopenia and thrombocytes causing thrombocytopenia
Bicytopenia and pancytopenia usually result from direct or indirect decreasing effect on hematopoietic cell production in the bone marrow [20,21,22]. These kinds of cytopenias are not uncommon in malaria; bone marrow diagnosis of adults with bicytopenia and pancytopenia has shown that 3% of bicytopenia and 6% of pancytopenia were caused by malaria [23, 24]
Even though bone marrow studies have shown no clear explanation for the peripheral blood pancytopenia in typhoid fever [25], a case report of severe pancytopenia in an adult was attributed to hemo-phagocytosis [26]
Summary
Cytopenias are blood cell abnormalities that result from reduction in the major hematopoietic cell lines such as red blood cells causing anemia, leukocytes causing leukopenia and thrombocytes causing thrombocytopenia. The occurrence of Cytopenias may be attributed to bone marrow suppression and Bicytopenia and pancytopenia usually result from direct or indirect decreasing effect on hematopoietic cell production in the bone marrow [20,21,22]. These kinds of cytopenias are not uncommon in malaria; bone marrow diagnosis of adults with bicytopenia and pancytopenia has shown that 3% of bicytopenia and 6% of pancytopenia were caused by malaria [23, 24]. Even though bone marrow studies have shown no clear explanation for the peripheral blood pancytopenia in typhoid fever [25], a case report of severe pancytopenia in an adult was attributed to hemo-phagocytosis [26]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
