Abstract
Structure of the helminth community and analyses of helminth population parameters of Pimelodus blochii collected in the Xapuri River in comparison with those in the Acre River were evaluated. Eight adult helminth species were found parasitizing P. blochii in the Acre River: the nematodes Orientatractis moraveci, Rondonia rondoni, Philometroides acreanensis, Cucullanus (Cucculanus) pinai pinai, Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) pimelodus, Rhadochona acuminata, and Brasilnema sp., and the trematode Dadaytrema oxycephala. For Xapuri’s fishes, nine helminth species were found: the nematodes O. moraveci, R. rondoni, C. (C.) pinai pinai, Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) rarus, P. (S.) pimelodus, R. acuminata, Brasilnema sp., and Cystidicolidae gen. sp., and the trematode D. oxycephala. Nematode and Acanthocephala larvae were also reported. Helminth abundance, prevalence, and diversity were influenced by seasonality and locality (river). The helminth parasites from Acre’s fishes formed a subset of the helminth community of the Xapuri’s. The results indicate an influence of the environmental characteristics of the rivers on the helminth community structure and diversity. This is the first study of the parasite community of P. blochii in the Xapuri River. The paretheses of (Spirocamallanus) and (S.) should not be in italics all along the text and tables.
Highlights
The constant changes in the natural environments caused by the anthropic activities may alter the species composition as well as the structure of the biological communities
Considering the scarce information concerning the ecological aspects of the parasitism of this fish, the aim of this study was to describe the helminth species composition and to analyze the parasitological parameters and the community structure of the helminths of the catfish P. blochii in two Amazon rivers with different levels of anthropic pollution, Acre and Xapuri Rivers, state of Acre, Brazil
Eight helminth morphospecies were found in the Acre River, considering the adult specimens: the nematodes Orientatractis moraveci Cavalcante, Silva, Santos, ChagasMoutinho & Santos, 2017; Rondonia rondoni Travassos, 1920; Philometroides acreanensis Cavalcante, Moravec & Santos, 2018; Cucullanus (Cucculanus) pinai pinai Travassos, Artigas & Pereira, 1928; Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) pimelodus Pinto, Fábio, Noronha & Rolas, 1974; Rhadochona acuminata (Molin, 1860), and Brasilnema sp., and the trematode Dadaytrema oxycephala (Diesing, 1836)
Summary
The constant changes in the natural environments caused by the anthropic activities may alter the species composition as well as the structure of the biological communities. Pimelodus blochii Valenciennes, 1840 is an endemic freshwater fish from the Neotropical region, occurring in the Amazon, Paraná, Orinoco, and Guiana basins (Lundberg and Littmann 2003; Eschmeyer and Fong 2014). This species is characterized by living in groups, commonly found under logs in the benthic environments (Le Bail et al 2000 apud Lundberg and Littmann 2003). The former compared the parasitic fauna in the Acre and Iaco Rivers in the Amazon region, reporting 22 taxa with a dissimilar parasite community structure between rivers; the latter evaluated the temporal changes in the community structure in the Iaco River for 5 years
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