Abstract
This paper presents the design and characterization of a via free planar single turn helix for 28 GHz broadband applications. The proposed antenna is designed using ROGERS RO4003 material, having a simple structure and end-fire radiation pattern. The antenna comprises of a compact dimension of 1.36 λ0 × 0.9 λ0 with a thickness of 0.0189 λ0 (where λ0 is the free-space wavelength at the central frequency of 28 GHz). Parametric study has been carried out to investigate the impact of key design parameters and to achieve an optimum design. Results show a good agreement between the simulated and measured results. A single turn helical inspired antenna covers −10 dB impedance bandwidth of 26.25–30.14 GHz having a peak gain of 5.83 dB and radiation efficiency up to 85%. Moreover, linear array configurations with 2 and 4 elements have been analyzed for applications with higher gain and space constraints. Presented array configurations are suitable for applications having space constraints in one dimension. Results show that peak gain up to 8.2 dB and 11.1 dB can be achieved with 2 and 4 elements, respectively. Due to its simple planar and via free structure, this antenna is suitable for 5G communications and for sensing, imaging, IoT and tracking applications at 28 GHz band spectrum.
Highlights
The fifth generation (5G) of mobile communications promised higher Gbps data rates with very low latency to support the ever-increasing number of users
The higher data rates are directly associated to bandwidth, radio frequency (RF) front ends operating at millimeter-wave part of the spectrum have drawn significant attention of the researchers [1]
In order to achieve these propitious characteristics promised by the 5G standards, suitable antennas characterized by a compact size, a large bandwidth, as well as a high gain are strongly required [3,4]
Summary
The fifth generation (5G) of mobile communications promised higher Gbps data rates with very low latency to support the ever-increasing number of users. The higher data rates are directly associated to bandwidth, radio frequency (RF) front ends operating at millimeter-wave part of the spectrum have drawn significant attention of the researchers [1] It provides better communication services for all use cases of 5G, namely, Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB), Machine Type Communication (MTC) and Ultra-reliable Low-latency Communication (URLLC) [2]. The conventional helical antennas suffer from the main shortcoming of high profile with increased physical height This led the researchers to conduct studies in order to obtain a compact helical antenna with low profile, maintaining the merits of high gain and directivity as required by the future communication systems. Strong agreement between simulated and measured results makes the proposed work a potential candidate for 5G communications and for sensing, tracking, internet of things (IoT), and imaging applications using 28 GHz frequency band
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