Abstract
Hedge is claimed as linguistic of full commitment or precision commonly used in academic writing to give the appropriate uncertainty, proper strength of claimed data, politeness, and precise presentation in providing and presenting literary works i.e. research articles. This study aimed at revealing the tendency and preferences of Indonesian English Students in applying hedging strategies, and frequencies of hedges use, and if there were any differences between males and females in using hedges in research articles. Data corpus was composed of 40 articles written in English by male and female postgraduate students majoring English Education. The output was categorized which was referred to a combined framework proposed by Holmes (1988), Hyland (1998), Hyland and Milton (1997), Vartala (2001), and Crompton (1997) covering 9 types of hedges. The statistical result showed that although Indonesian Male English Students (IEMSs) employed Hedges in their research articles more frequently than Indonesian Female English Students (IEFSs) did, MANOVA proved that there was no significant effect of gender on the use of hedges in research articles written by Indonesian English Students. Nevertheless, ANOVA result confirmed significant main effects of gender on the use of some types of hedge (Adverb of Frequency, Quantifiers, Epistemic Lexical Verbs and Adjective& Adverb Informal).
Highlights
IntroductionThe different use of language by men and women has become a great interest for language practitioners, discourse analysis
This study aims at reaching the following objectives: (1) to examine the overall frequency of hedges used in research articles written by Indonesian male and female English students; (2) to compare the frequency and the distribution of hedges used in research articles written by Indonesian male and female English students from Introduction, Discussion, and Conclusion sections; 3) to identify whether or not gender significantly affect the different number of the hedges used in research articles written by Indonesian male and female English students. 1.3
This study statistically showed that there is no significant multivariate main effect of gender on the use of hedges in research articles written by Indonesian English Students, the significant main effect for some of hedge types was obviously found such as for Adverb of Frequency, Quantifiers, Epistemic Lexical Verbs and Adjective& Adverb Informal
Summary
The different use of language by men and women has become a great interest for language practitioners, discourse analysis. Even though men and women live in the same environment, they construct different relation and intimacy with society as if each of them belongs to a different culture (Nemati & Bayer, 2007). Based on the theory of social constructionist, language that shapes and is shaped by gender is claimed as a social phenomenon. Another assumption proposed by Lakoff (1975) is that women have a lack of authority because, in order to become feminine, women must learn to adopt an unassertive style of communication. Based on Lakoff, women’s language refers to a group of linguistic devices that serve functions including hesitations, intensive adverbs, empty adjectives, tag questions, compound requests, and hedges
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