Abstract
Abstract The palladium‐catalyzed coupling reaction between an aryl (or vinyl) halide and an alkene without an allylic hydrogen is known as the Heck reaction. It has been used for constructing a C‐C bond in a single transformation employing a variety of aryl or vinyl halides and alkenes. In the β‐elimination step of the catalytic cycle, palladium catalyst has been used with a phosphine ligand (PPh 3 ) in the presence of a suitable base (soluble as Et 3 N or insoluble as K 2 CO 3 , Ag 2 CO 3 ), which scavenges the generated hydrogen halide. In addition, the Heck reaction mechanism includes the catalytic cycle by which neutral palladium complex or cationic palladium complex can give different stereochemical outcomes. Furthermore, the Heck reaction also takes place under some unconventional conditions and some transition metals catalyze the reaction. This reaction has wide application in organic synthesis.
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