Heavy Metals Level Evaluation of Drinking Water Supply In Kirkuk City/NE of Iraq

Omer S Al-Tamimi,Aseel Sharaf Abdullah,Sunbul Mustafa Anwar

doi:10.24996/ijs.2019.60.8.11

Abstract

An evaluation of pollution level has been done for drinking water which is used in Kirkuk city by heavy metals ( As,Cd,Cu,Fe,Mn,Ni,Zn,Cr,Pb) samples were collected during wet and dry of 2016-2017 from Kirkuk unified water supplied project (WTP) which is supply the city with drinking water, as well as from water of tanks type (GST2), and also from (tap water) (Zone3). The results showed the concentration of the (As,Cd,Cu,Fe,Mn,Ni,Zn,Cr,Pb)inppbfor (WTP)are (0.5,0.6,6.45,38,4.6,2.5,6537,0.58,1.4) (0.6,0.8,6.76,46,5.5,3.5,6675,1,2.4) for (GST) (0.5,0.63,6.46,52.3,4.4,3.6,6550,0.6,2.5) (0.60,0.7,6.78,63.7,6.7,3.7,6680,1.1,2.6) and for tap water are (0.53,0.65,7.00,60.2,4.4,3.65,7200,0.8,2.7) (0.60, 0.71, 7.10, 67.6, 6.8,3.75,7320,0.9,2.75) for two seasons respectively the concentrations are within the allowed limits by WHO just Zn is exceed the allowed limits . the level of health risks were also assessed by using a number of indices (HQ)ing, (HQ) derm, (HI), (CR) ing (CR) derm for adult and children and for two seasons . (HI) value for Zn show health risks this high value of (HI) for Zn make water undrinkable.

Highlights

Heavy metals are the general term encompassing the group of metals and non-metals which density is above 6 g/cm3 [1,2]Trace elements may come from natural sources, leached from rocks and soil according to their geochemical mobility or come from anthropogenic sources like industrial discharge, urban runoff, sewage effluents[3]
This study was conducted on drinking water that is used in this city, the samples were taken from Kirkuk unified water supply project include raw water (Lower Zab River), treated water(WTP) . the samples is taken from water tanks type (GST2), and from tap water of some house in (Zone3) as shown Figure 1
Chlorine was added to filtered water and water was discharged from each filter in about (200) m3/hour. 5-(Ground tanks): two ground tanks the capacity for each one is (16000) m3 this tanks collect the water that's out from (Sterilization tank) before pumping water to the city by 6-(high lift pumping station): this station contains (7) pumps capacity for each one is (2520) m3/hour, pressure load (40-80) m, this pumps connect by two cities, of pipes diameter for each pipe is (1200) mm through this station water pumped to the city tanks type (GST)

Summary

Introduction

Heavy metals are the general term encompassing the group of metals and non-metals which density is above 6 g/cm3 [1,2]Trace elements may come from natural sources, leached from rocks and soil according to their geochemical mobility or come from anthropogenic sources like industrial discharge, urban runoff, sewage effluents[3]. The samples is taken from water tanks type (GST2) (five main tanks supplied water to the city represents by five zones), and from tap water of some house in (Zone3) as shown Figure 1 This project was designed with a production capacity about (75,000) m3 / h which contain from the following units:[20] A- (Low lift pumping station): This station is located on the Kirkuk irrigation canal and is far about 1 km from tap station the water is pulled from Irrigation canal that contains from the below units: 1- Suction well 2- Low lift pump B- Water Treatment Plant: which contain of (1-Receiving well 2- Flash mixtures) 3(Clarifloculators): (16) circular basins every basin have (42m) diameter and (9m) depth each basin contain two central basin internal basin for slow mixture(Sinter basin) external (sediment basin) that's water poured from this basin into a collection basin where chlorine is added as an initial stage before entering to filters. Chlorine was added to filtered water and water was discharged from each filter in about (200) m3/hour. 5-(Ground tanks): two ground tanks the capacity for each one is (16000) m3 this tanks collect the water that's out from (Sterilization tank) before pumping water to the city by (high lift pumps) 6-(high lift pumping station): this station contains (7) pumps capacity for each one is (2520) m3/hour, pressure load (40-80) m, this pumps connect by two cities, of pipes diameter for each pipe is (1200) mm through this station water pumped to the city tanks type (GST)

Methods

Results

Conclusion