Heavy metals in vegetables sold in the local market in Jordan

Abstract

ABSTRACTHeavy metals (As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn) in various vegetables (cabbage, green onion, lettuce, parsley, rocket, spinach, carrot, onion, potato and cauliflower) from the market in Jordan were measured using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn ranged from 0.009–0.275 mg kg−1 wet weight, 0.004–0.060 mg kg−1, 0.003–0.401 mg kg−1, 0.105–3.51 mg kg−1, 0.15–1.15 mg kg−1, 0.93–14.39 mg kg−1, 0.044–0.702 mg kg−1, 0.072–0.289 mg kg−1 and 2.23–6.65 mg kg−1, respectively. Parsley, followed by spinach, contained the highest concentration of heavy metals. Onion contained high levels of toxic heavy metals. The content of Cu in parsley and spinach and Pb in onion exceeded the Codex limits. However, the daily intake of heavy metals from the tested vegetables was lower than the maximum limits for allowable intake.