Abstract
Understanding the dynamic of metals in soil and pla nts and population diversity in Northern Ontario is essential in determining progress toward ecosystem sustainability in reclaimed sites. The objectives o f the present study were to assess the levels of meta l content in soils and their accumulation in red oa k plants from limed and unlimed sites. Genetic variat ion in red oak populations from the Northern Ontari o region was also analyzed. The levels of soil acidit y was lower in limed areas compared to un limed sit es, an indication of the prolonged beneficial effect of liming 20 to 30 years ago on soil toxicity. The le vels of total metals were very high for most elements, but the proportion of metals that were bio available an d readily available to plants was very small. The enr ichment factors were16.78, 4.98 and 2.94 for total arsenic, copper and nickel, respectively. The Trans location Factor (TF) values for available metals fr om soil to branches were high. There was more metal ac cumulation in leaves compared to branches. The degrees of genetic variability in red oak populatio ns from limed and unlimed areas were compared using ISSR markers. The levels of polymorphic loci were moderate to high ranging from 44 to 65%. There were no significant differences in polymorphisms be tween areas that were limed and unlimed. Overall the red oak populations in stressed areas in Northe rn Ontario are sustainable.
Highlights
Several studies identifiedsulfur dioxide emissions and metal particulates in soil and various plant species to be Northern Ontario especially the Greater Sudbury region is highly known for its nickel, copper and other the main causes of these effects
The control concentrations always showed the lowest levels for total metals analyzed
Detectable values of metal concentrations which are bio available ranged between 0.07 mg kg −1 for strontium and 169.1 mg kg−1 for magnesium for limed sites
Summary
Several studies identifiedsulfur dioxide emissions and metal particulates in soil and various plant species to be Northern Ontario especially the Greater Sudbury region is highly known for its nickel, copper and other the main causes of these effects. Vandeligt et al, 2011; Narendrula et al, 2012) The of these soils ranged from 3.0 to 5.0 with an average of region became semi-barren to completely barren and approximately 4.0. Corresponding Author: Anh Tran, Department of Biology, Laurentian University, 935 Ramsey Lake Road, Sudbury, Ontario, P3E-2C6, Canada. Anh Tran et al / American Journal of Environmental Sciences 10 (4): 363-373, 2014 liming of soils and revegetation in the Greater Sudbury Region have been implemented (Lautenbach et al, 1995)
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