Abstract
The “Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research” (FAIR) in Darmstadt, Germany, and the “Nuclotron-based Ion Collider Facility” (NICA) in Dubna, Russia, are two accelerator centers under construction. FAIR will provide beams and experimental setups to perform forefront research in hadron, nuclear, atomic, and plasma physics, as well as in radiation biology and material science. At NICA, a unique research program on nuclear matter and spin physics will be conducted. Both facilities will execute experiments to explore the properties of QCD matter at neutron star core densities, in order to study the high-density equation of state, and to shed light on the quark degrees-of-freedom emerging in QCD matter at high densities. The research programs will be performed at FAIR with the CBM experiment, and at NICA with the MPD setup at the collider, and with the BM@N experiment at the Nuclotron. These three experiments are complementary, with respect to the beam energy. The physics programs and the relevant experimental observables will be discussed.
Highlights
The “Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research” (FAIR) in Darmstadt, Germany, and the “Nuclotron-based Ion Collider Facility” (NICA) in Dubna, Russia, are two accelerator centers under construction
Intense ion beams will be directed to various instruments, where experiments on atomic physics, plasma physics, radiation biology, and material science will be conducted by the APPA collaboration
The critical endpoint would be accessible in heavy-ion collisions with a beam kinetic energy of about 6 A·GeV, as available at FAIR and NICA
Summary
The superconducting synchrotron accelerator SIS100 at FAIR has a maximum magnetic rigidity of 100 Tm, and will deliver high-intensity proton and ion beams, which can be converted into intense secondary beams of antiprotons and rare isotopes. Unstable neutron-rich or neutrondeficient nuclei will be produced in collisions of a high-intensity primary beam with a target, selected by the Superconducting Fragment Separator, and analyzed by subsequent experimental setups operated by the NUSTAR collaboration. Heavy-ion beams up to kinetic energies of 11 A·GeV and with an intensity of 109 ions/s will be delivered to the first cave downstream SIS100, where the Compressed Baryonic Matter (CBM) experiment will be located. The red lines represent the future facility: the ring accelerator SIS100, the beam lines to the various experiments, the production targets for new nuclei and antiprotons, the Super Fragment Separator, and the collector and storage rings
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