Abstract
This paper aims to study the viability of conductive cement paste and conductive concrete with the hybrid addition of carbon nanotubes (CNT) and graphite powder (GP) as a self-heating material for heating, ice formation prevention and de-icing in pavements. Different heating tests, ice-preventing tests and de-icing tests were performed with cement paste and concrete specimens. Results confirm that the conductive cement composites studied, with the addition of 1% CNT + 5% GP, exhibited heating, de-icing and ice-prevention properties, when applying constant AC/DC voltages between the two end sides of each specimen, with relatively low energy consumption. The main contribution of this work is to achieve a sufficient conductivity level for the development of the heating and de-icing function using this hybrid addition in concrete, which has not been used so far, in order to be applied in real concrete structures.
Highlights
In the recent years, the addition of carbon-based materials to cement composites has promoted a disruption in the functions that can be performed by the traditional structural materials in the construction and building field
This paper aims to study the viability of conductive cement paste and conductive concrete with the hybrid addition of carbon nanotubes (CNT) and graphite powder (GP) as a self-heating material for heating, ice formation prevention and de-icing in pavements
Results confirm that the conductive cement composites studied, with the addition of 1% CNT + 5% GP, exhibited heating, de-icing and ice-prevention properties, when applying constant alternating current (AC)/direct current (DC) voltages between the two end sides of each specimen, with relatively low energy consumption
Summary
The addition of carbon-based materials to cement composites has promoted a disruption in the functions that can be performed by the traditional structural materials in the construction and building field. Different conductive additions have been incorporated in cementitious heating composites, such as steel fibre, steel shaving [12], CF [13,14,15,16], CNF [17], graphite [18], CNT [19] or even shape memory alloy [20]. It is observed that conductive cement based materials containing steel fibres present a decrease in the conductivity over time This yields this material to a worse response from the point of view of the development of the heating function [21]. This research has been carried out in the framework of the European project MASTRO According to this project, the main objectives are focused on the development of conductive multifunctional cement-based materials, for specific applications in the area of civil engineering and architecture using hybrid CNT and graphite based materials. True density Surface area BET Loss of ignition (LOI) C content Particle size distribution d10 Particle size distribution d50 Particle size distribution d90
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