Abstract
An experiment was conducted during 2016-17 and 2017-18 at WTC, ICAR-IARI New Delhi on wheat crop sown on three dates (15th November, 30th November and 15th December) with five irrigation treatments. The results indicated that the number of days required for attaining different phenological stages decreased with delay in sowing.For all the phenological stages, crop sown on 15th November consumed higher heat units and consequently resulted in higher yield and heat use efficiency (HUE) than that of other sowing. However, higher pheno-thermal index (PTI) values were observed for the late sown crop i.e. 15th December. Further, among the irrigation treatments, five irrigations throughout the growing period showed increase in days to physiological maturity as well as heat units and HUE for grain and biological yield as compared to other treatments. Five irrigations throughout the growing period increased the grain yield by 69 per cent and biological yield by 46 per cent that that of one irrigation at CRI stage. However, there was no significant difference observed between four and five irrigations levels. The heat units or GDD had highly significant correlation with biological yield(r=0.91) as well as with the grain yield (r=0.85).
Highlights
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the important cereal crops for the majority of world’s populations and staple food in India
After tillering i.e. between jointing to physiological maturity stage, the 15th November sown crop took more days to attain these stages followed by 30th November and 15th December sown crop
The results indicated that 15th November sown crop availed higher heat units at all the stages and with the successive delay in sowing, heat unit consumption decreased significantly.On average, the 15th November sown crop required the heat units of 262°C day for CRI stage, 500°C day for tillering stage, 708°C day for jointing stage, 795°C day for booting stage, 1052°C day for anthesis stage, 1190 °C day for milk stage, 1298 °C day for dough stage and 1493 °C day for physiological.Hari Ram et al(2012) reported lower consumption of heat units under delayed sowing
Summary
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the important cereal crops for the majority of world’s populations and staple food in India. Ram et al 2012).As irrigation is one of the important factors for proper establishment of wheat and protects the crop from heat stress during reproductive stage, it becomes imperative to generate knowledge of the interactive effect of heat and moisture on growth and yield of wheat. Keeping this in view, the present study was conducted to determine agrometeorological indices at different phenological stages and to evaluate the correlation between these indices and grain yield
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