Abstract
Background: Hyperthermia is an adjuvant oncologic thermal therapy. In the case of deep-seated bone cancers, the interstitial hyperthermia treatment can be performed using thermo-seeds, implanted biomaterial components that are able to convert external electromagnetic power into thermal one. Several magnetic biomaterials have been synthesized for thermal treatments of cancer. However, less attention has been paid to the modeling description of the therapy, especially when the bio-heat transfer process is coupled to the electromagnetic heating. Objective: In this work, a comparison between the available analytical and numerical models is presented. Methods: A non-linear multiphysics model is used to study and describe the performance of cylindrical magnetic hydroxyapatite thermo-seeds to treat residual cancer cells of bone tumours. Results: The thermal dynamics and treatment outcome are carefully evaluated. Under the exposure of a magnetic field of 30 mT, working at 300 kHz, it was found that magnetic hydroxyapatite implants with a size of 10 mm × 10 mm could increase the temperature above 42 °C for 60 min. Conclusion: The proposed model overcomes the limitations of the available theoretical frameworks, and the results reveal the relevancy of the implant geometry to the effectiveness of the hyperthermia treatment.
Highlights
Bone cancers are neoplasms that can affect relatively young subjects with an incidence and survival rate of about 35% [1]
Under the exposure of a magnetic field of 30 mT, working at 300 kHz, it was found that magnetic hydroxyapatite implants with a size of 10 mm × 10 mm could increase the temperature above 42 °C for 60 min
The proposed model overcomes the limitations of the available theoretical frameworks, and the results reveal the relevancy of the implant geometry to the effectiveness of the hyperthermia treatment
Summary
Bone cancers are neoplasms that can affect relatively young subjects (with age between 10 and 25 years old) with an incidence and survival rate of about 35% [1]. 78 The Open Chemical Engineering Journal, 2020, Volume 14 biomaterial (e.g. bone cement, bioglasses, a bioceramic or a polymer) is required to restore the functionality of the bone tissue [1, 2] All these limitations lead to the investigation and testing of innovative and less invasive therapies [3]. Magnetic implants for bone tumour hyperthermia were developed using ferromagnetic or superparamagnetic nanoparticles [5]. The former kind of MNPs has an average particle radius higher than 250 nm, it presents a non-zero coercive field, and its heat losses are related to the hysteresis phenomenon [4, 10]. In the case of deep-seated bone cancers, the interstitial hyperthermia treatment can be performed using thermo-seeds, implanted biomaterial components that are able to convert external electromagnetic power into thermal one. Less attention has been paid to the modeling description of the therapy, especially when the bio-heat transfer process is coupled to the electromagnetic heating
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