Abstract
The heat transfer and friction factor characteristics of multi-walled carbon nanotubes–Fe3O4 (MWCNT–Fe3O4) nanocomposite nanofluids flow in a tube with longitudinal strip inserts were studied experimentally. The MWCNT–Fe3O4 nanocomposite was synthesized by in-situ growth and chemical co-precipitation method and characterized by various techniques; after that stable nanofluids were prepared by dispersing MWCNT–Fe3O4 in distilled water. The heat transfer and friction factor experiments were conducted for nanofluids in the Reynolds number from 3000 to 22,000, volume concentrations from 0% to 0.3%, and longitudinal strip inserts of aspect ratios 1, 2, 4 and 12. The maximum Nusselt number and friction factor enhancements were observed for 0.3% nanofluid flow in a tube with longitudinal strip insert of aspect ratio 1. From the results, the Nusselt number enhancement for 0.3% nanofluid flow in a tube without inserts is 32.72% and with inserts of aspect ratio 1 is 50.99% at a Reynolds number of 22,000. Similarly, friction factor enhancement for 0.3% nanofluid flow in a tube without inserts is 1.15-times and with inserts of aspect ratio 1 is 1.26-times for a Reynolds numbers of 22,000 compared to base fluid. A new Nusselt number and friction factor regression equations were proposed based on the experimental data.
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