Abstract
This study was designed to further determine the expression pattern and role of heat shock protein 90 alpha genes in pre and post acute exercise amongst young male undergraduates in Nnewi, Nigeria. Twenty five (25) healthy young male undergraduate students with an average age of 24.3± 3 years and body mass index of 22.7± 1.8(Kg/m<sup>2</sup>) participated fully in the study. The subjects took part in an endurance race using the Bruce treadmill protocol for sub-maximal exercise for a maximum of 21 minutes. Blood samples were collected from the participants before commencement of the study, at 1 hour, 4 hours and 24 hours post exercise. Heat shock protein 90 alpha genes expression patterns were detected using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction method. The expression pattern of heat shock protein 90 alpha genes was up-regulated at 1 hours post exercise and sustained till 24 hours post exercise at 200bp in all the exercised subjects when compared with the pre-exercise stage. Post exercise stress activates the release of heat shock protein 90 alpha genes which are needed to restore cellular homeostasis.
Highlights
Physiological stress represents a wide range of physical responses that occur as a direct effect of a stressor causing an upset in the homeostasis of the body [4].The synthesis of heat shock protein in cells is induced by various environmental factors, pathological conditions, and physiological stresses [5]
The expression pattern of heat shock protein 90 alpha genes was up-regulated at 1hour post exercise and sustained till 24 hours post exercise at 200bpin the exercised subjects when compared with the pre-exercise stage (Plate 1) and Fig. 1
The possible mechanism of the up-regulation of the heat shock protein 90 alpha gene expression patterns observed in this study could be linked to adenosine triphosphate depletion, accumulation of adenosine diphosphate, and adenosine monophosphate due to consumption of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) by the exercising muscles [13]
Summary
Post exercise stress has been reported to cause up-regulation of several genes in the human body which are needed to maintain cellular homeostasis [6,7,8,9]. It has been postulated that the expression of heat shock proteins convey a response initiated to maintain cellular homeostasis after exposure to stress [10]. Gaining an understanding of the pattern of expression of heat shock proteins will aid exercise physiologist in ascertaining how exercise may provide protection to cells and tissues either for health and occupational reasons. This will add to the existing level of information on exercise which is beneficial
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