Abstract
The focus of today’s agriculture is to reduce fuel consumption and pollutant emission. More than 50% of the fuel energy is lost with the exhaust gas and coolant of diesel engines. Therefore, waste heat recovery systems are a promising concept to meet economical and ecological requirements. Agricultural vehicles have an operating cycle that is quite different from on-road trucks (higher engine load factor and less annual utilization). This has influence on the efficiency of waste heat recovery. The purpose of this paper was to analyze different waste heat recovery technologies to be used in agricultural applications. In the study, technical and economic indicators have been used. According to suggested classification, four pathways for utilization were studied. Turbocompounding, electric turbocompounding, and heating of transmission oil for hydraulic clutch gearboxes have proved to be effective for agricultural vehicles. For the economical conditions of the European Union (EU), a turbocompounding diesel engine is acceptable if agricultural tractor rated power is more than 275 kW, and combine harvester rated power is more than 310 kW. In cold climates, heat recovery transmission warm-up may be recommended. Waste heat absorption refrigerators have proven to be a viable technology for air conditioning and intake air cooling systems.
Highlights
Agriculture, especially crop production, is an energy-intensive industry
Heavy-duty diesel engines (HDDE) of agricultural vehicles are among the main contributors to harmful emissions
We propose to classify heat recovery systems according to their applications: (1)
Summary
Agriculture, especially crop production, is an energy-intensive industry. Heavy-duty diesel engines (HDDE) of agricultural vehicles are among the main contributors to harmful emissions.energy saving technologies and energy effective machines needed to be developed and put into practice. Agriculture, especially crop production, is an energy-intensive industry. Heavy-duty diesel engines (HDDE) of agricultural vehicles are among the main contributors to harmful emissions. Energy saving technologies and energy effective machines needed to be developed and put into practice. For this reason, engine manufacturers work to increase their energy efficiency, fuel costs and emission reduction. Engine manufacturers work to increase their energy efficiency, fuel costs and emission reduction They follow several strategies: alternative fuels application [1]; increasing engine thermal performance [2,3]; and engine bottoming technologies [4]. The modern HDDEs of agricultural machinery have relatively low efficiency. A significant part of fuel energy is lost with exhaust gases (Figure 1)
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