Abstract
This paper describes the mechanism of heat generation in lossy 1–3 piezoceramic- polymer composite active layer of ultrasonic transducers excited at different voltages at resonance and off-resonance frequencies. The physical parameters controlling the heat generation and dissipation are estimated by least squares fitting the experimentally measured time-temperature profiles to a theoretical model. The theoretical profiles agree well with the measured data. The temperature rise at resonance frequency (250 kHz) and at an off-resonance frequency (30 kHz) is found to be 54 °C at 13.2 Vp-p and 38 °C at 169 Vp-p, respectively. The temperature rise, the total loss and the radiation heat transfer coefficient are found to vary quadratically with driving electric field. The convection heat transfer coefficient is estimated to be in the range (6–10) Wm−2 K−1, validating the free convection in air. Variations in the physical parameters with applied voltage are found to be different at resonance and off-resonance frequencies, indicating that the process of heat generation in piezocomposite transducers depends on the frequency region in which they are operated, with respect to the resonance frequencies.
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