Heat Generation and Temperature Control during Bone Drilling for Orthodontic Mini-Implants: An In Vitro Study

Ibrahim Barrak,Emil Segatto,József Piffkó,Gábor Braunitzer

doi:10.3390/app11167689

Abstract

Background: The purpose of our in vitro study was to evaluate the impact of different irrigation fluid temperatures in combination with different drilling speeds on intraosseous temperature changes during mini-implant site preparation. Methods: Porcine ribs were used as bone specimens. Grouping determinants were as follows: irrigation fluid temperature (10 and 20 °C) and drilling speed (200, 600, 900, and 1200 RPM). The axial load was controlled at 2.0 kg. Temperature measurements were conducted using K-type thermocouples. Results: Extreme increments were observed only in the unirrigated groups. Irrigation invariably made a significant difference within groups defined by the same drilling speed. The comparison of the different temperature irrigation fluids (10 and 20 °C) in combination with the same drilling speed (200, 600, 900, or 1200 rpm) resulted in a statistically significant difference between the two different temperatures, whereas the use of irrigation fluid at a controlled room temperature of 20 °C showed significantly higher temperature changes. Conclusions: Based on the results of the study, we conclude that irrigation while preparing a pilot hole for a self-tapping orthodontic miniscrew is of utmost importance, even at low drilling speeds. The temperature of the cooling fluid does influence local temperature elevation to a significant extent.

Highlights

Anchorage in the orthodontic field can be defined as a resistance to unwanted tooth movement [1]
To achieve the required anchorage, dental implants, palatal implants, mini-plates, or mini-implants have been used [2,3,4]. These devices are attached to the basal bone or the alveolar process of the maxilla or the mandible; they provide skeletal anchorage. Given that they are in place only for the duration of the orthodontic treatment, they are usually referred to as temporary anchorage devices (TADs)
The purpose of our in vitro study was to evaluate the impact of different irrigation fluid temperatures in combination with different drilling speeds on intraosseous temperature changes during mini-implant site preparation

Summary

Introduction

Anchorage in the orthodontic field can be defined as a resistance to unwanted tooth movement [1] To achieve such resistance, anchorage units are utilized. To achieve the required anchorage, dental implants, palatal implants, mini-plates, or mini-implants have been used [2,3,4] These devices are attached to the basal bone or the alveolar process of the maxilla or the mandible; they provide skeletal anchorage. Given that they are in place only for the duration of the orthodontic treatment, they are usually referred to as temporary anchorage devices (TADs). In 1997, Kanomi introduced mini-implants that were developed to provide stable anchorage during orthodontic treatment [5]

Methods

Discussion

Conclusion