Abstract
The transient state of sea-ice formation due to a given constant drop in surface temperature, and the associated change in sea-water salinity due to salt rejection, has been investigated theoretically by the heat balance integral method. The water temperature is taken to be constant. Ice, water and salt were assumed to coexist in thermodynamic equilibrium at the ice—water interface, and the analysis is valid for small temperature perturbations. The ice growth rate is found to be considerably reduced due to the depression of the freezing point caused by salt rejection. Utilizing Foster's (1968) results, haline convection with typical wavelength 1–2 mm is found to occur after a characteristic time of order 1 min. Results are also presented for the ice growth problem when the ice—water interface can be regarded as a constant temperature boundary. Some effects of variable thermal properties due to brine trapping in the ice are taken into account. The case of a time-dependent surface temperature is also considered. DOI: 10.1111/j.2153-3490.1977.tb00719.x
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