Heart work: Indigenous doulas responding to challenges of western systems and revitalizing Indigenous birthing care in Canada

Caroline Fidan Tyler Doenmez,Larissa Wodtke,Alexandra Nychuk,Stephanie Sinclair,Ashley Hayward,Jaime Cidro

doi:10.1186/s12884-021-04333-z

Caroline Fidan Tyler Doenmez, Larissa Wodtke + Show 4 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-021-04333-z

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Abstract

BackgroundIn Canada, there has been a significant increase in the training of Indigenous doulas, who provide continuous, culturally appropriate support to Indigenous birthing people during pregnancy, birth, and the postpartum period. The purpose of our project was to interview Indigenous doulas across Canada in order to document how they worked through the logistics of providing doula care and to discern their main challenges and innovations.Population/settingOur paper analyzes interviews conducted with members of five Indigenous doula collectives across Canada, from the provinces of British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec and Nova Scotia.MethodsSemi-structured interviews were conducted with members of the five Indigenous doula collectives across Canada in 2020 as part of the project, “She Walks With Me: Supporting Urban Indigenous Expectant Mothers Through Culturally Based Doulas.” Interview transcripts were approved by participants and subsequently coded by the entire research team to identify key themes.ResultsOur paper examines two themes that emerged in interviews: the main challenges Indigenous doulas describe confronting when working within western systems, and how they navigate and overcome these obstacles. Specifically, interview participants described tensions with the biomedical approach to maternal healthcare and conflicts with the practice of Indigenous infant apprehension. In response to these challenges, Indigenous doulas are working to develop Indigenous-specific doula training curricula, engaging in collective problem-solving, and advocating for the reformation of a grant program in order to fund more Indigenous doulas.ConclusionsBoth the biomedical model of maternal healthcare and the crisis of Indigenous infant apprehension renders Canadian hospitals unsafe and uncomfortable spaces for many Indigenous birthing people and their families. Indigenous doulas are continually navigating these challenges and creatively and concertedly working towards the revitalization of Indigenous birthing care. Indigenous doula care is critical to counter systemic, colonial barriers and issues that disproportionately impact Indigenous families, as well as recentering birth as the foundation of Indigenous sovereignty and community health.

Highlights

In recent years, increasing numbers of Indigenous women across Canada have been undertaking training to become doulas
Indigenous doula and Indigenous Studies scholar Erynne Gilpin (Michif ) and scholar Sarah Marie Wiebe explain in a co-authored chapter that doula care honours and enacts relationality: “For Indigenous birth workers, birth is an act of resurgence...Birth is a process binding us to one another in relationship and accountability
Our research team decided to conduct interviews with one member from five different Indigenous doula collectives across Canada (British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec and Nova Scotia) in order to learn how they worked through the logistics of providing doula care

Summary

Introduction

In recent years, increasing numbers of Indigenous women across Canada have been undertaking training to become doulas. Indigenous doulas are birth companions who provide continuous physical, mental, emotional, and advocacy support to Indigenous women and birthing people throughout pregnancy, labour, birth, and the postpartum period, while offering culturally appropriate care and knowledge. In Canada, there has been a significant increase in the training of Indigenous doulas, who provide continuous, culturally appropriate support to Indigenous birthing people during pregnancy, birth, and the postpartum period. The purpose of our project was to interview Indigenous doulas across Canada in order to document how they worked through the logistics of providing doula care and to discern their main challenges and innovations. Population/setting: Our paper analyzes interviews conducted with members of five Indigenous doula collectives across Canada, from the provinces of British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec and Nova Scotia

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