Abstract
The heart ultrastructure of the anostracan Crustacea Branchinecta paludosa, Artemia salina, Branchipus schaefferi, and Streptocephalus sp. is essentially similar. All lack an endocardium and an epicardium, and the heart wall consists of a single layered myocardium. Only in the posterior end of the heart does the myocardium form a tube. In the remaining, anterior part of the heart, the myocardium forms a trough. The dorsal edges of this trough are firmly attached to the basement membrane of the epidermis, which thus forms the lid of the trough.
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