Heart rate variation and movement incidence in growth-retarded fetuses: The significance of antenatal late heart rate decelerations

Abstract

In 37 intrauterine growth-retarded fetuses, combined 1-hour recordings of fetal heart rate and body movements were made within 24 hours of elective cesarean section. Fetal body movements were recorded simultaneously by use of real-time ultrasound. The study group was divided into two subgroups, according to the presence (n = 29) or absence (n = 8) of antepartum late heart rate decelerations. Correlations were made with umbilical blood gas values obtained immediately after cesarean section. Baseline heart rate variation was reduced below the normal range in 88% of the intrauterine growth-retarded fetuses with decelerations but in only 37% of the group without decelerations. A reduction in fetal heart rate accelerations and body movements and an increase in mean heart rate also were observed only in the group with decelerations. Late heart rate decelerations were associated with low PO2 values in both umbilical artery and vein. It is concluded that in intrauterine growth-retarded fetuses reduced heart rate variation and movement incidence correlate with the presence of late heart rate decelerations before birth and with hypoxemia at birth.