Abstract

We quantified associations between changes in heart rate variability (HRV), neuromuscular and perceptual recovery following intense resistance training (RT). Adult males (n = 10) with >1 year RT experience performed six sets to failure with 90% of 10 repetition maximum in the squat, bench press, and pull-down. Changes (∆) from pre- to immediately (IP), 24 and 48 h post-RT were calculated for neuromuscular performance markers (counter-movement jump peak power and mean concentric bench press and squat velocity with load corresponding to 1.0 m∙s−1) and perceived recovery and soreness scales. Post-waking natural logarithm of the root-mean square of successive differences (LnRMSSD) in supine and standing positions were recorded pre-RT (5 day baseline), IP and two mornings post-RT. All parameters worsened at IP (p < 0.05). LnRMSSD measures were not different from baseline by 24 h. Neuromuscular markers were not different from pre-RT by 48 h. Perceptual measures remained suppressed at 48 h. No significant associations among ∆ variables were observed (p = 0.052–0.978). These data show varying timeframes of recovery for HRV, neuromuscular and perceptual markers at the group and individual level. Thus, post-RT recovery testing should be specific and the status of one metric should not be used to infer that of another.

Highlights

  • An intense bout of resistance training (RT) alters neuromuscular, cardiovascular, metabolic, endocrine, and immune function to meet physiological demands imposed on the body [1]

  • RT varies among trainees [4], individualized program-modification based on daily recovery status may be superior to standardized RT prescription [5]

  • We investigated the association between changes in heart rate variability (HRV), perceptual and neuromuscular recovery metrics up to 48 h following an intense bout of RT

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Summary

Introduction

An intense bout of resistance training (RT) alters neuromuscular, cardiovascular, metabolic, endocrine, and immune function to meet physiological demands imposed on the body [1]. Individual responses to RT are impacted by training status and training content variables such as volume, intensity, proximity to muscular failure and repetition velocity [1,2,3]. Specific RT performance (one or 10 repetition maximum, RM) takes 24–96 h to return to pre-training values [4,6]. Since RM tests can be time-consuming and potentially delay recovery, non-fatiguing correlates of specific RT performance are appealing alternatives to coaches. Promising non-fatiguing markers of recovery following RT include neuromuscular performance tests such as submaximal barbell velocity [7] and countermovement jump (CMJ) characteristics [8], as well as subjective indicators like perceived recovery and soreness scales [9]. Submaximal barbell velocity can be obtained from specific

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