Abstract
Some aspects of a simple computer model for low-frequency ambient noise prediction are discussed. The shipping component is based on a surface-ship source level proposed by Gray and Greeley [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 67, 516–522 (1980)]. Surface interference effects are shown to be important and are preserved in a simplified propagation loss algorithm. This allows for range and source depth dependent surface decoupling loss effects which give rise to realistic spectral shaping of low-frequency noise. The shipping component is obtained by adding contributions from ship lanes which are assumed to behave as incoherent line radiators. Consequent properties of horizontal noise directionality are discussed, in particular, the sensitivity to propagation loss, proximity of shipping lanes, and shipping distribution. A semi-empirical relationship is used to predict the wind speed related noise component. This is based on noise measurements in the Kz area extrapolated according to trends implied by theoretical noise mechanisms. Examples of the overall model output are presented and compared with measurement where possible.
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