Abstract
BackgroundTo investigate the occurrence frequency, changing trends, and epidemiological distribution of unintentional suffocation in children under 5 years old.MethodsThe data were collected from the Maternal and Child Health Surveillance system from 2009 to 2018. The cause of death was classified by ICD-10. Data on unintentional suffocation death were calculated according to the characteristics of the population, time, space, cause of death and medical treatment, and constituent ratio were calculated.ResultsThe mortality rate of children under 5 years old showed a downward trend, but the mortality of unintentional suffocation initially decreased and then increased. The death rate of unintentional suffocation in children less than 1-year-old was much higher than that in children aged 1 to 4 years old. The death rate of unintentional suffocation was higher in boys than in girls, and the rate was higher for rural children than for urban children. The number of low-weight and pre-term infants in the group under 1-year-old was significantly higher than that in the group of 1–4 years old. Children under 1-year-old are more likely to die at home than children aged 1 to 4 years old, and a higher proportion of younger children did not receive treatment. More than 80% of children under the age of 5 go untreated because it was too late to go to the hospital.ConclusionFor areas and populations with a high incidence of unintentional suffocation, we suggest that priorities should include prevention, the development of a safe environment, strengthened prevention, the development of safety habits, and the popularization of first aid knowledge.
Highlights
To investigate the occurrence frequency, changing trends, and epidemiological distribution of unintentional suffocation in children under 5 years old
From 2009 to 2018, the maternal and child health surveillance system showed that there were 7,942,123 live births, 59,880 deaths of children under 5 years old, and 4933 children died of unintentional suffocation
The death rate of unintentional suffocation has changed from a decline to an upward trend, which is consistent with the direction of the United States [14]
Summary
To investigate the occurrence frequency, changing trends, and epidemiological distribution of unintentional suffocation in children under 5 years old. Child injury is a significant global public health problem, and more than 98% of child injury deaths occur in developing countries [1]. Life expectancy in developing countries is reduced by 1.19 years due to injury [3]. In China [4], the proportion of injury deaths among 0–14 years of children in China rose from 18.69% in 2004 to 21.26% in 2011. Injury is the leading cause of death among children aged 1 to 4 years old [2]. In China, 14.6% of deaths among children under 5 years of age are due to injuries [5]
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