Abstract
BackgroundInfection prevention and control (IPC) measures are crucial to combat the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to explore the levels and determinants of HCWs’ IPC behaviors based on the theoretical domains framework (TDF), which has been shown to be effective in guiding behavior change.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted in Wuhan, China in January 2020. Self-reported hand hygiene and droplet isolation behaviors (including the use of masks, gloves, goggles and gowns) were set as dependent variables. TDF domains and HCWs’ characteristics were independent variables. Negative binomial regression analyses were performed to explore their relationships.ResultsHCWs reported good IPC behaviors, while the compliance with goggle and gown use was relatively low (below 85%). Environmental context and resources domain was significantly related to hand hygiene (β = 0.018, p = 0.026), overall droplet isolation behaviors (β = 0.056, p = 0.001), goggle (β = 0.098, p = 0.001) and gown use (β = 0.101. p < 0.001). Knowledge domain was significantly related to goggle (β = 0.081, p = 0.005) and gown use (β = 0.053, p = 0.013). Emotion domain was a predictor of overall droplet isolation behaviors (β = 0.043, p = 0.016), goggle (β = 0.074, p = 0.026) and gown use (β = 0.106, p < 0.001). Social influences domain was a predictor of overall droplet isolation behaviors (β = 0.031, p = 0.029) and gown use (β = 0.039, p = 0.035). HCWs in high-risk departments had better behaviors of gown use (β = 0.158, p = 0.032). HCWs who had encountered confirmed or suspected patients reported worse behaviors of goggle (β = − 0.127, p = 0.050) and gown use (β = − 0.153, p = 0.003).ConclusionsAdequate personal protective materials and human resources, education and training, as well as supervision and role model setting are necessary to improve IPC behaviors regarding the COVID-19 pandemic.
Highlights
Infection prevention and control (IPC) measures are crucial to combat the COVID-19 pandemic
The compliance of mask and glove use was above 95%, whereas goggle and gown use was above 80% but less than 90% (Table 2)
Environment context and resources, knowledge, emotion, and social influences were identified as determinants of IPC behaviors
Summary
Infection prevention and control (IPC) measures are crucial to combat the COVID-19 pandemic. Since the first public reporting of COVID-19 on 31 December 2019, Wuhan city in China has become the focus of global attention. With the development of the epidemic, human-to-human transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was eventually confirmed [1]. 5 million people left Wuhan during the Spring Festival in 2020, leading to rapid spread of SARS-CoV-2 all over China [2]. SARSCoV-2 was found in other countries, which caused a global pandemic in the following months. The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has caused nearly 171million confirmed cases and claimed more than 3.6million lives worldwide as of 3 June 2020 [4]
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