Abstract
Knee osteoarthritis is a chronic degenerative disease companied with chronic knee pain and dysfunction. However, the etiology and pathogenesis of knee osteoarthritis were unclear. Currently, age, diet, trauma, obesity, and inheritance are the main risk factors. The major pathological hallmarks of knee osteoarthritis included subchondral bone sclerosis, articular cartilage degeneration, arthrosynovitis, and osteophyte. With the acceleration of the aging process in China, the treatment of knee arthritis and the methods to improve the quality of life have become the focus of medical staff. Currently, therapies in clinical practice include surgery and nonoperative treatment; however, the clinical effects of different individuals at different stages will still be very different. This article reviews the recent advances in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis from three aspects: nonsurgical treatment, surgical treatment, and modern new medical means.
Highlights
Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a type of chronic degenerative arthritis [1], and its chronic inflammation is characterized by degeneration or loss of articular cartilage, articular margin, and subchondral bone regeneration [2]
The pathogenesis of KOA is still unclear, we have found the key to opening the door, provided a strong basis for better achieving the molecular level of treatment intervention; we do our best to improve the quality of life
Osteotomy is recommended for young active KOA patients who are not suitable for joint replacement
Summary
Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a type of chronic degenerative arthritis [1], and its chronic inflammation is characterized by degeneration or loss of articular cartilage, articular margin, and subchondral bone regeneration [2]. The etiology and pathogenesis of knee osteoarthritis were unclear. E articular cartilage layer is worn out, the biomechanical changes in contact with the subchondral bone, and the loss and reduction of articular fluid with the acceleration of the aging process. The pathogenesis of KOA is still unclear, we have found the key to opening the door, provided a strong basis for better achieving the molecular level of treatment intervention; we do our best to improve the quality of life
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