Abstract
BackgroundThe term “Defensive” medicine was coined in the early 1970′s and has been an important topic of scientific investigation and professional debate ever since.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics of defensive medicine, its reasons, and the extent to which it is practiced in the Turkish health care system. This is the first national survey to study the practice of defensive medicine among neurosurgeons in Turkey.MethodsThe present cross-sectional study on defensive medicine assessed neurosurgeons registered at the Turkish Neurosurgical Society, who are actively working in various centers and hospitals within the Turkish health care system. A 40-question survey was adapted from existing measures described in the literature and was completed by a total of 404 neurosurgeons, representing 36.7% of the neurosurgeons registered at the Turkish Neurosurgical Society.ResultsSeventy-two percent of the participants in the current study reported practicing defensive medicine. This practice was mainly reported among inexperienced neurosurgeons (74.4%). Most were younger than 40 years of age (75.2%), working in state hospitals/universities (72.7%), and living in the Marmara region (38%). Respondents reported engaging in defensive medicine by avoiding high-risk surgery (62.6%), ordering additional imaging studies (60.9%) and laboratory tests (33.7%), and referring patients to consultants (31.2%). Most participants consider every patient as a potential threat in terms of a medical lawsuit (68.3%) and do not believe the courts can distinguish malpractice from complications (89.6%).ConclusionConcerns and perceptions about medical liability lead neurosurgeons to practice defensive medicine. By avoiding high-risk surgery, ordering unnecessary diagnostic tests, and referring the patients to consultants, neurosurgeons try to minimize the risk of malpractice and protect themselves from legal risks, resulting in higher healthcare expenditure and longer treatment periods.
Highlights
Defensive medicine is defined as medical practices that help doctors avoid liability without providing any additional benefit to the patient [1]
Doctors practice defensive medicine owing to concerns about liability risk, and this contributes to an increase in healthcare expenditure [2,3]
The current study aimed to investigate the extent and characteristics of the practice of defensive medicine in this high-risk specialty
Summary
Defensive medicine is defined as medical practices that help doctors avoid liability without providing any additional benefit to the patient [1]. Doctors practice defensive medicine owing to concerns about liability risk, and this contributes to an increase in healthcare expenditure [2,3]. Several studies have focused on the effects of defensive medicine on doctors and patients. This is a major factor that increases the cost of medical care [4,5,6,7]. Malpractice liability affects all medical practitioners, but specific specialties such as emergency medicine, orthopedic surgery, neurosurgery, obstetrics/gynecology, and radiology, are ‘‘high-risk’’ for litigation [6]. The term ‘‘Defensive’’ medicine was coined in the early 19709s and has been an important topic of scientific investigation and professional debate ever since
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