Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the health status of children cured from hepatoblastoma. Forty-five patients with hepatoblastoma treated between 1996–2014 were assessed. The recorded data included sex, age at diagnosis, disease stage, treatment methods, time since diagnosis, and the evaluation of health status domains which included performance status, growth development, hearing, cardiovascular, skeletal, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, neurological, and hematological function. There were 30 boys and 15 girls. The age at diagnosis ranged from one month to 14 years (median one year). At the time of the health status evaluation, the youngest patient was 5.5 years old and the oldest was 21 years of age (median—10 years). All patients were treated according to the Childhood Liver Tumors Strategy Group—SIOPEL recommendations, though they were not active participants of the studies. The median cumulative dose of cisplatin was 520 mg/m2 and 360 mg/m2 for doxorubicin. Thirty-six patients underwent partial hepatectomy, and nine total hepatectomy and liver transplantation. At a median of nine years from diagnosis, 68% of hepatoblastoma survivors had experienced at least one chronic health condition of any grade. The most frequent late complication was ototoxicity (28.8%), and the most serious were second malignancies (6.6%) and cardiomyopathy (4.4%). Conclusion: Survivors of hepatoblastoma are at risk for long-term complications. They require long-term monitoring for late effects.
Highlights
Hepatoblastoma is the most common primary liver tumor in children
Among 88 children with hepatoblastoma treated at our institute since 1996, 45 who were at least five years from diagnosis were available for analysis
While hepatoblastoma has a high survival rate with a combination of conventional complex Whileand hepatoblastoma hasina selected high survival withhave a combination of conventional complex treatment transplantation cases,rate studies demonstrated that survivors suffer treatment and transplantation in selected cases, studies have demonstrated that survivors suffer from chronic health conditions of which ototoxicity and cardiotoxicity are the most frequent [4]
Summary
Hepatoblastoma is the most common primary liver tumor in children. Over the past three decades, randomized controlled trials for children with hepatoblastoma have demonstrated that chemotherapy consisting of cisplatin with or without doxorubicin administered before and after tumor resection results in overall survival of over 80% [1,2,3]. Hepatoblastoma therapy is considered less aggressive than treatment for other pediatric malignancies, still hepatoblastoma survivors are at risk of developing long-term treatment-related complications. In the accessible up to date medical literature, there are several publications devoted to the late-effects in children cured of hepatoblastoma [4]. This study aims to assess the long-term health status of these survivors.
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