Abstract
BackgroundThe phenomenon of urban-rural segmentation has emerged and is remarkable, and the health disparities between rural and urban China should be stressed.MethodsBased on data from the Chinese General Social Survey from 2005 to 2013, this study not only explored the net age, period, and cohort effects of self-rated health, but compared these effects between rural and urban China from a dynamic perspective through hierarchical age-period-cohort-cross-classified random effects model.ResultsUrban-rural disparities, as well as work status and gender disparities in health increased with age, in line with the cumulative advantage/disadvantage effects theory, while marital status disparities in health declining with age was in line with the age-as-leveler effects theory. The war cohort, famine cohort, later cultural revolution cohort, and early reform cohort had poorer health than did those in the early China cohort, economic recovery cohort, and later reform cohort. The economic crisis period, war cohort, baby boomer, and early cultural revolution cohort encountered larger urban-rural health disparities, while the early China cohort and early reform cohort experienced smaller urban-rural disparities in health.ConclusionsPopulation health is closely related to social context and health care development. It is necessary to keep economic development stable and boost medical technology improvements and the construction of the health care system.
Highlights
According to Marx’s theory of political economy, humans are the key factors in the field of production; health plays a non-fungible role in the process of socioeconomic development
The hukou system may have a structural effect, and it is vital to consider its contextual effects on population health
The period and cohort effects of health were influenced by related social events, war and social instability worsened population health, while peace and health care development improved population health profoundly
Summary
According to Marx’s theory of political economy, humans are the key factors in the field of production; health plays a non-fungible role in the process of socioeconomic development. To build a comprehensive well-off society, the Chinese government has implemented the national health program, underlining the significance of population health. The new medical reform, which aims to handle modern health problems and promote the all-around health of urban and rural residents, has been underway since 2009. Longitudinal studies on health have been limited in terms of age and period effects in a long history, and studies on cohort effects of health are limited. Disparities in population health have been mentioned in many studies: for example, most population. The phenomenon of urban-rural segmentation has emerged and is remarkable, and the health disparities between rural and urban China should be stressed
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