Abstract
Objetive: To describe illness related knowledge features, mental health, adherence to therapy and quality of life on type 2 diabetes patients from two hospitals from northern Peru. Material and Methods: Cross sectional descriptive study. A cense was made. Descriptive statistics and exploratory analysis were employed. Results: there were 382 diabetes patients: 289 in Lambayeque and 93 in Piura:112 people were interviewed. The mean age was 59.5 +/- 11.6 years, 58% were women, 59% were from Piura, 43.8% only had primary school and 41.5% referred 2 to 4 outpatient evaluations in the last two years; 28.6% reported to have been infected by COVID-19: 35,5% in Lambayeque and 23.8% in Piura; 17.8% had poor knowledge about the disease. About mental health, 91.9% had Depression, 75% Anxiety and 72.8%, both; 50.6% had adequate adherence to therapy. The median of quality of life was 161.5 (IQR=127.1-215) and 24.1% had poor quality of life. In descending order, the more affected dimensions of quality of life were: “control of diabetes”, “energy and mobility”, “social burden”, “anxiety” and “sexual performance”. In the exploratory multivariate analysis, depression was associated with high quality of life. Conclusion: disease related-knowledge features, mental health, adherence to therapy and quality of life were poor on type 2 diabetics from these two northern cities of Peru. There were no association between sociodemographic characteristics, mental health, knowledge, adherence, with quality of life.
Highlights
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) continues to be a public health matter
Population consisted of patients attended by the chronic non-transmittable diseases' strategy from two peruvian hospitals of the Ministry of Health (MINSA): Regional Lambayeque, high complexity (Hospital 1), and Santa Rosa de Piura, medium complexity (Hospital 2); both of them are the most complex in their regions; statistical records from both hospitals show, the number of diabetics during 2018, was 1735 at Hospital 1 and 386 at Hospital 2; considerating an adequate Diabetes knowledge frequency of 38%(9), 95% confidence level, 5% significance level, the expected sample size was 326: 260 at Hospital 1 and 66 at Hospital 2
When we considered the quality of life as a number, there were no differences of the means of quality of life between patients with or without Depression (150.79 +/- 38.65 vs 170.22 +/- 12.3, p= 0.125)
Summary
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) continues to be a public health matter. It causes handicap as well as high disease costs and burden. There are more than 463 millions of people living with it (prevalence=9.3%). It has a prevalence of 9.4% in Latin America and 22.7% in older than 65 years; more than 80% of deaths from diabetes occur in low and middle-income countries[1]. The PERUDIAB 2012 study conducted in 1,677 homes nationwide, representative of more than 10 million adults over 25 years of age, has found a 7% prevalence of DBT in Peru, highest in the coast: 8.2%(2). Piura and Lambayeque are two important cities from the northern coast of Peru with 2 ́047,954 and 1,310,785 people, respectively[3]
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