Abstract
Dust particles on the surface of urban streets considered among the greatest important sources for contamination of urban atmospheres in the form of fine aerosols. This study aimed at determining the concentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the dust samples collected from Basra city streets to evaluate their potential risks to ecosystem, especially, the risk of cancer from dermal contact, inhalation and ingestion. PAHs in street dust samples from Al- Shafi, Al-Qurna, Al Seeba, Abu Kaseeb, Al- Fao and Al Burjessya were measured using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) in Basra. The important PAHs contaminants classified by US EPA detected in the samples, the main was the 3 fused aromatic rings PAHs (79.82%), followed by 5 rings PAHs (7.9%), 4 rings PAHs (6.6%), 6 rings PAHs (5.4%) and 2 rings PAHs (0.5%). Exposure doses ranged from 6.47E-07 to 1.24E-06 ug/g day for child non-carcinogen and 3.65E-07 to 7.02E-07 ug/g day for adult non-carcinogen. Exposed daily doses less than EPA suggested safe daily doses. HQ values lower than one in all sites, revealed no hazard on health from non-carcinogens. The cancer risk from inhalation was 5.55E-08 to 1.07E-07 for child Carcinogen and 1.25E-07 to 2.41E-07 for adult Carcinogen; it is less than 10-4 within the harmless levels. Carcinogenic risk from inhalation two times less than that of dermal and ingestion.
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