Health-Related Quality of Life in Weight Loss Interventions: Results from the OPTIWIN Trial.

Livia Dainelli,Dan Roberto Luo,Kristina H Lewis,Sally L Coburn,Sarah S Cohen,Judy Loper,Walter J Pories,Amy E Rothberg,Laura E Matarese,Jamy D Ard,Agnieszka Marczewska

doi:10.3390/ijerph18041785

Abstract

Obesity is highly prevalent and associated with several adverse outcomes including health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL), work productivity, and activity impairment. The objective of this study is to examine group differences in HRQoL and labor-related health outcomes among participants in the OPTIWIN program, which compared the effectiveness of two intensive behavioral weight loss interventions. Participants (n = 273) were randomized to OPTIFAST®(OP) or food-based (FB) dietary interventions for 52 weeks. HRQoL and labor-related health outcomes were measured at baseline, week 26, and week 52, using two questionnaires. At baseline, there were no differences between groups on the Impact of Weight on Quality-of-Life Questionnaire (IWQOL-Lite). At week 26, the OP group had statistically significant differences towards better HRQoL for Physical Function, Self-Esteem, and the total score compared with the FB group. At week 52, the OP group showed better HRQoL in the total score (p = 0.0012) and in all but one domain. Moreover, the adjusted change-from-baseline normalized total score at week 52 was −5.9 points (p = 0.0001). Finally, the mean IWQOL-Lite normalized score showed that HRQoL improves by 0.4442 units (p < 0.0001) per kg lost, and that greater weight reduction was positively associated with better HRQoL. No statistically significant group differences were found with the Work Productivity and Activity Impairment (General Health) (WPAI-GH) Questionnaire. HRQoL improves with highly intensive, well-structured weight loss interventions. Greater weight loss lead to larger improvements. The lack of negative effect on productivity and activity suggests that these interventions may be compatible with an active work lifestyle.

Highlights

The aim of this paper is to examine the tertiary outcomes of the OPTIWIN program, by comparing changes in health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL), work productivity, and activity impairment relative to weight loss among participants randomized into one of two intensive behavioral weightloss interventions
We focused on the tertiary outcomes related to HRQoL and health-related labor outcomes using two validated instruments: Impact of Weight on Quality-of-Life (IWQOL-Lite) Questionnaire and Work Productivity and Activity Impairment
150–180 min of physical activity per week), it is notable that participants did not experience significant worsening in absenteeism or presenteeism and maintained the same level of productivity at work. These findings indicate that even highly intensive behavioral weight loss interventions are compatible with an active work lifestyle which is consistent with other reports [17]

Summary

Introduction

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/In the past four decades, the prevalence of obesity, defined as body mass index (BMI)of ≥ 30 kg/m2 [1], has been increasing in the US among each age, sex, and ethnic group [2], posing serious economic, human, and societal losses. Weight loss interventions, based on clinical (e.g., bariatric surgery and medications) and behavioral (e.g., diet and exercise) interventions, have been shown to impact not only physical health outcomes, but also health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL). 4.0/).Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18, 1785. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18041785 https://www.mdpi.com/journal/ijerph

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