Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) in Patients with Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) Treated with Polatuzumab Vedotin, Rituximab, Cyclophosphamide, Doxorubicin and Prednisone (Pola-R-CHP) Versus Rituximab, Cyclophosphamide, Doxorubicin, Vincristine and Prednisone (R-CHOP) in the Phase III POLARIX Study

Abstract

Background: Patients (pts) with lymphoma report impaired HRQoL as a result of disease- and treatment-related symptoms (Hlubocky FJ, et al. Leuk Lymphoma 2013). However, there are limited dynamic data for quality of life using patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures from large prospective clinical trials in pts with previously untreated DLBCL. The Phase III POLARIX study (NCT03274492) demonstrated superior progression-free survival (PFS) and a similar safety profile with Pola-R-CHP vs R-CHOP in pts with previously untreated DLBCL (Tilly H, et al. N Engl J Med 2022). In this analysis, PROs were used to measure physical functioning, fatigue, lymphoma-related symptom scores, and treatment-related symptom scores to fully characterize the pt experience in POLARIX. Methods: In total, 879 pts with previously untreated DLBCL were randomized 1:1 to Pola-R-CHP (n=440) or R-CHOP (n=439). Lymphoma symptom scores were assessed using the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Lymphoma Subscale (FACT-LymS; Hlubocky FJ, et al. Leuk Lymphoma 2013). Physical functioning, fatigue, constipation, diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting were assessed using the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life-Core 30 questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30; Aaronson NK, et al. J Natl Cancer Inst 1993). Questionnaires were administered to patients without progression during treatment on Day 1 of Cycles 1 (baseline), 2, 3, and 5, at end of treatment (EOT), biannually for 2 years after EOT, then annually for the following 3 years. Questionnaire compliance and summary statistics at each assessment time point were estimated. Percentage of pts with clinically meaningful improvements, worsening, and no changes from baseline for physical functioning (≥7-point increase, ≥10-point decrease, and in between, respectively), fatigue (≥9-point increase, ≥10-point decrease, and in between, respectively), and lymphoma symptom scores (≥3-point increase, ≥3-point decrease, and in between, respectively) were reported based on validated thresholds (Aaronson NK, et al. J Natl Cancer Inst 1993; Hlubocky FJ, et al. Leuk Lymphoma 2013). Changes over time in physical functioning, fatigue, lymphoma symptom scores, and treatment-related symptom scores for constipation, diarrhea, nausea and vomiting were assessed. Results: Questionnaire response rates were high (>80%) throughout the study. At baseline, scores for lymphoma symptoms, physical functioning, and fatigue were similar in both treatment arms; levels of constipation, diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting were similarly low. Both Pola-R-CHP and R-CHOP induced a rapid improvement in lymphoma symptom scores in most pts after Cycle 1 (pts with clinically meaningful improvement at any time point: 82.3% vs 81.3%, respectively), and this was sustained with improvement plateauing by the first assessment after EOT (Figure). Improvements in physical functioning and fatigue were similar with Pola-R-CHP vs R-CHOP (pts with clinically meaningful improvement at any time point in physical functioning: 42.4% vs 39.6%; fatigue: 74.8% vs 68.2%, respectively); improvements plateaued by the first assessment after EOT. Between Cycle 2 and EOT, diarrhea symptoms were more frequently reported in pts treated with Pola-R-CHP (range: 17-34%) than with R-CHOP (range: 18-24%), and constipation symptoms were reported more frequently with R-CHOP (range: 21-42%) than with Pola-R-CHP (range: 23-35%); diarrhea and constipation symptoms returned to baseline levels by EOT. Nausea and vomiting symptoms were reported infrequently in both treatment arms (nausea: range 12-33% in Pola-R-CHP, 11-30% in R-CHOP; vomiting: range 3-11% in Pola-R-CHP, 4-10% in R-CHOP) and returned to baseline levels at EOT. Conclusions: Both regimens led to rapid and sustained improvements in symptoms and improved HRQoL. Lymphoma symptom scores were improved in the majority of pts after Cycle 1, with improvement maintained in most pts. Physical functioning and fatigue scores were similar at baseline between arms, and improved during and after treatment. During chemotherapy, treatment-related symptoms (i.e. nausea, vomiting, constipation, diarrhea) were observed in a minority of pts, with a return to baseline after treatment completion. These data may represent a benchmark for patient-reported HRQoL in frontline DLBCL in the modern era. Figure 1View largeDownload PPTFigure 1View largeDownload PPT Close modal