Abstract
ABSTRACT Propagation of “coquinho-azedo” (Butia capitata) is limited due to dormancy and high incidence of fungi in its seeds. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of treating “coquinho-azedo” seeds with different concentrations of bactericide and/or fungicide on the incidence of fungi and on the germination of seeds. Thus, B. capitata seeds were immersed in four doses of the bactericide kasugamycin (0, 1.5, 3.0 and 4.5 mL/L) and/or in four concentrations of the fungicide carbendazim+ thiram (0, 2.92, 5.84 e 8.75 mL/Kg), totaling 16 treatments. After the treatments, the operculum was removed from the seeds, which were placed on trays containing autoclaved sand, covered with transparent plastic film and kept in the nursery. In the germination test, treatments were distributed in randomized block design, factorial arrangement of 4x4 (bactericidal doses x fungicide doses), with four replicates of 50 seeds per plot. For the test of seed health quality, the Blotter test was employed in completely randomized design, using 20 replicates and 10 seeds. Health quality and germination were evaluated at 15 and 40 days after the treatment of seeds, respectively. There was no interaction between the bactericide and the fungicide on germination and control of fungi associated with seeds. However, there was an effect of fungicide concentrations on the evaluated parameters. We observed a negative correlation between the concentrations of the fungicide carbendazim + thiram and fungal incidence, and a positive correlation between the fungicide concentrations and seed germination. Therefore, fungicide treatment reduces the fungal incidence and provides better germination of B. capitata seeds.
Highlights
A propagação do coquinho-azedo (Butia capitata) é limitada devido a dormência e a alta incidência de fungos em suas sementes
B. capitata seeds were immersed in four doses of the bactericide kasugamycin (0, 1.5, 3.0 and 4.5 mL/L) and/or in four concentrations of the fungicide carbendazim+ thiram (0, 2.92, 5.84 e 8.75 mL/ Kg), totaling 16 treatments
Considering the lack of studies involving chemical control in B. capitata seeds, the aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of fungi in B. capitata seeds treated with different bactericidal doses and fungicide mixture, as well as their effect on seed germination
Summary
A propagação do coquinho-azedo (Butia capitata) é limitada devido a dormência e a alta incidência de fungos em suas sementes. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito do tratamento de sementes de coquinho-azedo com diferentes concentrações de bactericida e/ou fungicida na incidência de fungos e na germinação das sementes. O tratamento fungicida reduz a incidência fúngica e propicia melhor germinação das sementes do coquinho-azedo. The dormancy phenomenon in B. capitata makes its germination low, slow and uneven [14] This phenomenon limits the production of seedlings for commercial crops, causing an unsustainable exploitation of this resource. The procedure to minimize this contamination has been carried out under laminar flow chamber conditions and by using completely sterilized equipment [7] This method is difficult to be used in a rural environment and in poorly technified nurseries of seedling production. Determination of the concentrations of substances used in the control of microbial contamination is important for the establishment of protocols [26]
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