Health professionals’ perspectives on challenges in providing obstetrics and gynecology care in Kazakhstan: A qualitative study

Abstract

ABSTRACT Introduction The study investigates obstetrics and gynecology (OB-GYN) care challenges in Kazakhstan, including a shortage of professionals, especially in remote areas, and increased work hours during COVID-19. This qualitative study aims to explore OB-GYN care challenges for primary care physicians and obstetricians to provide the insight necessary to develop a better healthcare system. Methods We conducted interviews with 10 primary care physicians and four obstetricians practicing maternity care at hospitals. Participants were selected through purposive sampling, and data collection was conducted using in-depth interviews. Data were analyzed using MAXQDA software and conventional content analysis. Results The research delineated four primary themes. These themes encompassed concerns regarding staffing insufficiencies, specifically within the OB-GYN specialization, discontentment with remuneration, and the anxiety surrounding malpractice litigation, all of which influenced their commitment to patient care. Conclusions The findings underscore a widespread perception among healthcare professionals of staff shortages, especially in OB-GYN, leading to heavy workloads. Additionally, many professionals feel that their compensation is not commensurate with their substantial workloads, resulting in inequity. The impact of performance-based compensation and other contributing factors exacerbates these challenges within the healthcare system. Addressing these issues is crucial to enhancing the quality of OB-GYN care and the overall healthcare system in Kazakhstan.