Abstract
Despite marked progress in cardiovascular disease management in the last several decades, there remain significant, persistent disparities in cardiovascular health in historically marginalized racial and ethnic groups. Here, we outline current state of health disparities in cardiovascular disease, discuss the interplay between social determinants of health, structural racism, and cardiovascular outcomes, and highlight strategies to address these issues. Across the continuum of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) prevention, there remain significant disparities in outcomes including morbidity and mortality by race, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status (SES). These disparities begin early in childhood (primordial prevention) and continue with a higher prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors (primary prevention), and in the uptake of evidence-based therapies (secondary prevention). These disparities are driven by social determinants of health and structural racism that disproportionately disadvantage historically marginalized populations. Structural racism and social determinants of health contribute to significant disparities in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
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