Abstract
The processing of health-related stimuli can be biased by health anxiety and anxiety sensitivity but, at the moment, it is far from clear whether health-related stimuli can affect motor readiness or the ability to inhibit action. In this preliminary study, we assessed whether different levels of health anxiety and anxiety sensitivity affect disposition to action in response to positive and negative health-related stimuli in non-clinical individuals. An emotional go/no-go task was devised to test action disposition in response to positive (wellness-related), and negative (disease-related) stimuli in non-clinical participants who also underwent well-validated self-report measures of health anxiety and anxiety sensitivity. The main results showed that both health anxiety and anxiety sensitivity biased participants’ responses. Importantly, safety-seeking and avoidance behaviors differently affected action disposition in response to positive and negative stimuli. These preliminary results support the idea that health anxiety and anxiety sensitivity could determine a hypervigilance for health-related information with a different perturbation of response control depending on the valence of the stimuli. Health anxiety and health anxiety disorder do form a continuum; thus, capturing different action tendencies to health-related stimuli could represent a valuable complementary tool to detect processing biases in persons who might develop a clinical condition.
Highlights
Health anxiety is a form of anxiety characterized by an excessive worry about one’s own health and by a catastrophic interpretation of body sensations
Results showed significant attentional biases toward all health-related word categories in patients with illness anxiety disorder, whereas a bias for panic-related words was found in the panic disorder group only
Thirty-two healthy volunteers were enrolled in this study (25 females; mean age = 24.94 years, SD = 1.88)
Summary
Health anxiety is a form of anxiety characterized by an excessive worry about one’s own health and by a catastrophic interpretation of body sensations It refers to a dimensional construct [1,2], ranging from mild expressions of fear to clinically significant concerns, as in the case of Illness Anxiety Disorder [3], formerly defined as hypochondriasis [4]. Individuals with elevated health anxiety show increased attentional interference by task-irrelevant health-threat information [5,6]. This attentional interference is highly specific for self-relevant threatening stimuli [5,7]. A few studies investigated attentional biases for health-related
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