Health coaching improves interventional effects in high-risk population of stroke

Abstract

Objective To assess the effect of health coaching on interventional effect in high-risk population of stroke. Methods A baseline survey was conducted among 897 residents aged 40 years and above selected by cluster sampling method in a community of Shijiazhuang city from January 2016 to June 2016, and 178 subjects were identified as high risk population of stroke. The high-risk subjects were randomly divided into two groups: the control group (n=89) was given routine health education, while the intervention group (n=89) received health coaching based on motivational interview for 13 months. The behavioral risk factors and self-efficacy scores were compared between two groups before and after intervention. Results There were no significant differences in behavioral risk factors between the two groups: for hypertension 72 vs. 74 cases (χ2=0.152, P=0.67), for hyperglycocemia 44 vs.48 cases (χ2=0.360, P=0.55), for dyslipidemia 62 vs. 60 cases (χ2=0.104, P=0.75), for smoking 35 vs.32 cases (χ2=0.215, P=0.64), for obesity 50 vs.52 cases (χ2=0.092, P=0.76), for lack of exercises 72 vs.70 cases (χ2=0.139, P=0.71), for atrial fibrillation 14 vs. 16 cases (χ2=0.160, P=0.19). And there was no significant difference in self-efficacy scores between the two groups [(5.3±1.2) vs. (5.6±2.0), t=0.997,P=0.32]. After intervention, there were significant differences between the two groups in behavioral risk factors: for hypertension 25 vs. 34 cases (χ2=19.984, P<0.05) , for hyperglycaemia 16 vs.32 cases (χ2=8.448, P<0.05) , for dyslipidemia 30 vs. 48 cases (χ2=13.216, P<0.05) , for smoking 20 vs.28 cases (χ2=7.583, P<0.05) , for obesity 18 vs.38 cases (χ2=14.158, P<0.05) , for lack of exercises 28 vs. 36 cases (χ2=10.235, P<0.01) , for atrial fibrillation 5 vs. 13 cases (χ2=6.451, P<0.05) . And the self-efficacy scores of intervention group were higher than those of control group[ (8.4±2.1) vs. (6.8±2.2), t=4.852, P<0.01]. Conclusion Health coaching based on motivational interview is beneficial to reduce risk factors and improve self-efficacy in high risk population of stroke, which is worthy of popularization. Key words: Health coaching; Stroke, high-risk; Community health services; Primary prevention