Health Belief Model Approach on the Prevention of HIV/AIDS among Pregnant Women in Madiun, East Java

Abstract

Background: HIV is a virus that attacks the white blood cells (lymphocytes). HIV causing Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). HIV/ AIDS has become a global emergency problem. East Java Province is in the top five of the population infected with HIV (8,204) and AIDS (741) and the most dominant are men. This will worsen the situation of women if they are infected pregnant women. This study aimed to analyze the effect of the Health Belief Model approach on the prevention of HIV/ AIDS among pregnant women in Madiun City, East Java. Subjects and Method: This was a cross sectional study conducted in Madiun City, East Java. A total of 80 pregnant women who conducted HIV/ AIDS check was enrolled in this study. The dependent variable was HIV prevention. The independent variables were perceived seriousness, perceived vulnerability, perceived benefit, and perceived barrier. The data were collected using questionnaire and analyzed using multiple logistic regression analysis. Results: There was a positive effect on perceived seriousness (OR = 8.43; 95% CI=1.38 to 51.4; p = 0.021), perceived vulnerability (OR = 8.36; 95% CI=1.06 to 65.9; p = 0.044), perceived benefit (OR = 12.6; 95% CI=1.37 to 115.5; p = 0.025) on the prevention of HIV/ AIDS among pregnant women and it was statistically significant. There was a negative effect on perceived barrier (OR = 0.13; 95% CI=0.02 to 0.86; p = 0.034) and it was statistically significant. Conclusion: Perceived seriousness, perceived vulnerability, perceived benefit, and perceived barrier influence pregnant women in taking HIV/ AIDS prevention. Keywords: health belief model, HIV / AIDS, pregnant women Correspondence: Wida Rahma Arwiyantasari. Academy of Midwifery, Muhammadiyah Madiun. Jl. Lumbung Life No. 2A Ex. Ngegong Kec. Manguharjo, Madiun City. Email: widarahma541@gmail.com. Mobile: 085736709597.