Health assessment of satellite storage battery pack based on solar array impact analysis

Abstract

The space environment has grown more complex due to the high density of satellite missions, and the likelihood of collisions causing unexpected damage to solar arrays has increased. The current research on the assessment of battery pack health condition is based only on the data from battery packs themselves, without considering the impact of solar arrays' performance on battery packs. This would lead to an overestimation of battery packs' health, and if a satellite flight and control plan is developed based on this, it could result in excessive battery pack usage, potentially shortening the lifespan of the satellite. To address this issue, this paper proposed a novel framework for assessing the health condition of satellite battery packs, which expands the applicable scenarios of the assessment. Firstly, through an energy balance analysis of satellite power systems, the impact of solar array performance degradation on battery aging in different scenarios was discussed. Then, an Informer-based model was constructed to predict the output current of the solar array based on the decline mechanism of solar arrays. Next, a current supply and demand graph was created by combining the output current of the solar array with the load demand current, and an impact factor was defined to quantify the solar array's influence on the battery pack. A rule-based model of evidence reasoning and belief rule base was then improved by the impact factor to achieve evaluation. Finally, the telemetry data from a certain type of satellite were used to predict the current of the solar array. The prediction accuracy is significantly improved compared to traditional methods. Under the assumption of damage to the solar array, the health condition of the battery pack was evaluated, and the assessment result was consistent with the usage of the battery pack, demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed method.