Abstract
The purpose of this study was to observe the influence of coronal leakage on the behavior of periapical tissues after root canal filling and post space preparation. Forty root canals of dogs' teeth were instrumented and filled by the lateral condensation technique with gutta percha points and the cements Sealer 26 and Roth. After post space preparation, the remaining filling material was either protected or not protected with a plug of the temporary cement Lumicon. After root canal exposition to the oral environment for 90 days, the animals were killed and specimens were removed and prepared for histomorphological analysis. The Brown and Brenn technique showed 70% of cases with microorganism leakage for Roth cement, and 20% with Sealer 26. When a plug of Lumicon was employed, there was 30% leakage for Roth cement and 0% for Sealer 26. A chronic inflammatory reaction was more frequently observed with Roth cement than with Sealer 26. It was concluded that a plug of Lumicon was efficient in controlling microorganism coronal leakage (p = 0.05), and that Sealer 26 was more biocompatible and sealed root canals better than Roth sealer (p = 0.01).
Highlights
Many factors have been reported to play a role in root canal treatment failure
When the cement was in contact with the pulp stump there was a layer of necrotic tissue or a chronic inflammatory reaction extending to the periodontal space, with the presence of lymphocytes, plasmacytes, macrophages and some giant cells
Various factors can explain the better results in root canals treated with Sealer 26 than those treated with Roth cement: biocompatibility, microorganism leakage, encouragement of apical closure by cementum deposition, etc
Summary
Many factors have been reported to play a role in root canal treatment failure. If apical microleakage is a cause of root canal treatment failure, loss of coronal seal should be considered an adverse factor [1]. Coronal leakage after post space preparation may be more significant because there is less root canal filling material remaining. Barrieshi et al [1], employing a mixed culture of strict anaerobes, observed bacterial penetration through 5 mm of remaining filling material in an average time of 66 days. Alves et al [4] studied coronal leakage of microorganisms and bacterial endotoxin after post space preparation They reported that the average time for total penetration of endotoxin was 23 days and for microorganisms, 62 days
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