Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-2 used in combination with deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) on the healing of experimental periodontal defects. Periodontal defects created in rats were treated by FGF-2, DBBM, FGF-2 + DBBM, or left unfilled. Microcomputed tomography, histological, and immunohistochemical examinations were used to evaluate healing. In vitro cell viability/proliferation on DBBM with/without FGF-2 was assessed by WST-1. Cell behavior was analyzed using scanning electron and confocal laser scanning microscopy. Osteogenic differentiation was evaluated by staining with alkaline phosphatase and alizarin red. Bone volume fraction was significantly greater in FGF-2 and FGF-2 + DBBM groups than in other groups at 2 and 4 weeks postoperatively. In histological assessment, newly formed bone in FGF-2 and FGF-2 + DBBM groups appeared to be greater than other groups. Significantly greater levels of proliferating cell nuclear antigen-, vascular endothelial growth factor-, and osterix-positive cells were observed in FGF-2 and FGF-2 + DBBM groups compared to Unfilled group. In vitro, addition of FGF-2 to DBBM promoted cell viability/proliferation, attachment/spreading, and osteogenic differentiation. The combination therapy using FGF-2 and DBBM was similarly effective as FGF-2 alone in the healing of experimental periodontal defects. In certain bone defect configurations, the combined use of FGF-2 and DBBM may enhance healing via promotion of cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and osteogenic differentiation.
Highlights
Introduction published maps and institutional affilA successful outcome of periodontal tissue engineering requires the following factors: biological agent, scaffold, progenitor cells, and adequate blood supply [1]
New bone formation following the use of enamel matrix derivative (EMD) combined with deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) was greater than DBBM alone in pre-clinical studies [16,17,18]
This study investigated the effects of the combined use of fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-2 with DBBM on periodontal healing using in vivo and in vitro approaches
Summary
A successful outcome of periodontal tissue engineering requires the following factors: biological agent, scaffold, progenitor cells, and adequate blood supply [1]. Fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-2, induces proliferation and migration of periodontal ligament–derived cells (PDLCs), which play an important role in periodontal regeneration [2,3,4,5]. New bone formation following the use of enamel matrix derivative (EMD) combined with DBBM was greater than DBBM alone in pre-clinical studies [16,17,18]. In vivo studies showed that use of FGF-2 with beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) promotes periodontal healing [19,20].
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