Headache, Raynaud’s syndrome and serotonin receptor agonists in systemic lupus erythematosus

Abstract

There are potential concerns regarding serotonin receptor agonists in SLE patients with migraine, particularly patients with concomitant Raynaud's syndrome. We estimated the prevalence of lupus-related headache and Raynaud's syndrome in the Montreal General Hospital SLE clinic cohort and evaluated the relationship between these two variables in multivariable logistic regression models, controlling for age, sex, race, SLE duration and the presence of lupus anticoagulant and antibodies to cardiolipin and beta2 glycoprotein I. We also assessed, through chart review in those individuals with both Raynaud's syndrome and migraine, a history of serotonin receptor agonist use, and any associated worsening vasospasm. Based on Systemic Lupus Activity Measure (SLAM) scores, the cumulative incidence of lupus-related headache in our sample (n = 391) was 46.1%; the prevalence of Raynaud's syndrome was 49.4%. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) for lupus-related headache and Raynaud's syndrome was 1.7 (95% CI 1.1, 2.5). In addition, there was a strong independent relationship between headache and anti-beta2 glycoprotein I antibodies (adjusted OR 5.6 [95% CI 1.8, 17.0]). The data from our chart review suggest that careful use of serotonin receptor agonists in patients with both Raynaud's syndrome and migraines may be undertaken, although caution would necessitate that these agents not be used in individuals with very severe Raynaud's (eg, digital ulcerations, and so on).