Head and Shoulder Functional Changes in Flutists

Abstract

This study aimed at comparing head posture, symmetry of shoulder muscle strength, and posture among developing flutists, professional flutists, and a matched control group of singers. Measurements of head and scapular posture and muscle strength were compared between flutists with ≤10 yrs of practice (developing flutists, n=9), flutists with >10 years of practice (professional flutists, n=9), and singers (n=9). Posture was measured with a goniometer and tape measure; strength was assessed with an isokinetic dynamometer. Significant differences were found between groups concerning forward head posture only; developing flutists showed a higher forward head posture compared to the other two groups (p<0.05). No significant differences were found for scapular posture or muscle strength. Developing flutists showed significantly more forward head posture. This finding supports the need to revise existing music curricula targeting the inclusion of compulsory disciplines on music medicine.