Head and Neck Schwannomas: Interesting Case Series with Review of Literature

Abstract

Schwannoma is a benign, encapsulated and a slowly growing peripheral neural sheath tumor that arises from the schwann cells. 25-40% of Schwannomas occur in the head and neck region and of which 1-12% are seen in the oral cavity. The most common subsite in the oral cavity is tongue followed by the palate and buccal mucosa. The most commonly involved nerves include hypoglossal, lingual, tympanic, glossopharyngeal, vagus and the superior laryngeal nerves. The common presentation is a painless nodule or a swelling depending on the site of presentation. The preoperative diagnosis of schwannoma is usually suggested by Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) and is confirmed by histo-pathologic examination. The extent, exact location and relation with surrounding structures is delineated by imaging in the form of Ultrasound scanning, Computed Tomography (CT) scan or an Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). However, MRI is the imaging modality of choice as it provides better soft tissues details with precision along with the nerve of origin. Surgical excision is the treatment of choice. Recurrence is insignificant and has very rare chances of malignant transformation.